If an application specifies SQL_C_DEFAULT in SQLBindCol, SQLGetData, or SQLBindParameter, the driver assumes that the C data type of the output or input buffer corresponds to the SQL data type of the column or parameter to which the buffer is bound.
Important Interoperable applications should not use SQL_C_DEFAULT. Instead, they should always specify the C type of the buffer they are using. The reason for this is that drivers cannot always correctly determine the default C type for the following reasons:
If the DBMS promotes an SQL data type of a column or parameter, the driver
cannot determine the original SQL data type of a column or parameter. Therefore,
it cannot determine the corresponding default C data type.
If the driver cannot determine whether a particular column or parameter is
signed, as is often the case when this is handled by the DBMS, the driver cannot
determine whether the corresponding default C data type should be signed or
unsigned.
Because SQL_C_DEFAULT is provided only as a programming convenience, the application does not lose any functionality when it specifies the actual C data type.
A table showing the default C data type for each SQL data type is included in
“Converting Data from SQL to C Data Types” later in this appendix.